Presented below is a photomicrograph showing a thin section of smilax root. This digital image was captured with the DXM 1200 ACT-1 control software in single-image acquisition mode utilizing apodized phase contrast illumination.

Smilax is a genus of sprawling plants that belong to the lily family, Liliaceae. Prolific in many habitats throughout the world, most Smilax species feature sharp thorns and spiraling tendrils that make them good climbers. Alternatively referred to by a variety of common names, such as catbriers and greenbriers, tangled masses of the vines may form dense thickets that are impassable to humans, though they serve as a desirable form of shelter for birds and other small animals. Many of these same creatures further exploit the plants by feeding upon the small, dark berries they produce.

Though humans do not feed upon the fruit of Smilax vines, the plants have been utilized for other purposes by various societies throughout history. In particular, many members of the genus have been used as curatives, most notably Smilax officinalis. The root of this plant, often called sarsaparilla, has been claimed to have diuretic and purifying properties, and has a long association with treatment of venereal diseases. In fact, some believe that sarsaparilla became the favorite drink of cowboys, who were often well acquainted with brothels in the American west, due to its reputation in this regard.