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Live-Cell Imaging: Cell Motility

Bovine Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells (BPAE Line)

T1/DSL/Cable Stream

A large binucleated bovine pulmonary artery cell fills the central region of the field of view. Small, spherical nucleoli can be observed in each nucleus, and the abundance of granular material surrounding the nuclei is comprised of hundreds of tiny mitochondria. Many of the smaller BPAE cells inhabiting the area around the cell seem to adapt their movements to the larger cell. Notice that the endothelial cells choose to slowly locomote around it, rather than over it. Unlike fibroblasts, cultured endothelial cells do not tend to crawl over other cells.

In the cytoplasm of some of the BPAE cells, rounded objects considerably larger than mitochondria, but often found amidst those organelles, can be seen. The structures are vacuoles, membrane-enclosed sacs that usually function in animal cells as temporary storage sites of food, water, or wastes. The number of vacuoles present in the cells varies as the materials contained in them are either utilized or expelled by the cells.

Due to the relatively low magnification utilized to image the cells featured in this video, some of the details of the BPAE cells cannot be discerned. The margins of the cells, for instance, are not clear. Nevertheless, the activity along those margins is perceptible, though only as an erratic flickering, similar to the light given off by a candle in the wind. This phenomenon, called ruffling, is caused by the repeated extension and contraction of lamellipodia and other cell surface projections.

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