Mouse Kidney Tissue

In order to localize a red fluorescent tag to filamentous actin in the mouse kidney tissue presented in the digital image above, the specimen was labeled with Alexa Fluor 568 conjugated to phalloidin, a phallotoxin often utilized in cell biology. Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated to the lectin wheat germ agglutinin, which selectively binds to N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylneuraminic residues, was also applied to the tissue sample. Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Images were recorded in grayscale with a 12-bit digital camera coupled to either a Nikon E-600 or Eclipse 80i microscope equipped with bandpass emission fluorescence filter optical blocks. During the processing stage, individual image channels were pseudocolored with RGB values corresponding to each of the fluorophore emission spectral profiles.