Ground State Depletion Microscopy Literature References

Ground State Depletion (GSD), along with stimulated emission depletion (STED) and saturated structured illumination microscopy (SSIM) are referred to as ensemble focused light imaging techniques, and are based on non-linear optical effects that typically require the application of multiple high-intensity pulsed lasers with specialized modulation filters to control the excitation beam geometry (a technique commonly termed point-spread function engineering). GSD relies on optical shelving, or driving excited state molecules into a dark metastable long-lived triplet state, as a photoswitching mechanism to effectively reduce the point-spread function of the focused excitation laser light.